Rapid plant DNA and RNA extraction protocol using a bench drill

Plant DNA and RNA extraction methods are well established, with a wide range of protocols, depending on the purposes of each laboratory/research. Nowadays, quick, inexpensive and easy plant DNA and RNA extraction methods are highly sought after. We developed an optimized protocol for plant DNA and RNA extraction that uses an inexpensive bench drill and plastic bags and does not require liquid nitrogen. DNA from leaves and RNA from leaves and roots of banana, pineapple, citrus, papaya, passion fruit and cassava, were extracted using a basic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide method. Both nucleic acids were quantified and evaluated for quality based on agarose gel electrophoresis. The DNA and RNA extractions were successful for all species, and RNA quality in pellets was maintained after storage at room temperature for three weeks. This protocol can reduce costs considerably in laboratories with ongoing routine activities of DNA and RNA extraction for genetic diversity and gene expression analyses, where other conventional methods have not been successful due to explant, condition of samples and quantity and quality of nucleic acids. This is especially relevant for many laboratories in developing countries where the cost and availability of liquid nitrogen may be a constraint

Quantiication of coumarins in wine spirit aged by different technologies using Chestnut wood

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Nongenotoxic Effects And A Reduction Of The Dxr-induced Genotoxic Effects Of Helianthus Annuus Linné (sunflower) Seeds Revealed By Micronucleus Assays In Mouse Bone Marrow

Background: This research evaluated the genotoxicity of oil and tincture of H. annuus L. seeds using the micronucleus assay in bone marrow of mice. The interaction between these preparations and the genotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DXR) was also analysed (antigenotoxicity test) .Methods: Experimental groups were evaluated at 24-48 h post treatment with N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea (positive control - NEU), DXR (chemotherapeutic), NaCl (negative control), a sunflower tincture (THALS) and two sources of sunflower oils (POHALS and FOHALS). Antigenotoxic assays were carried out using the sunflower tincture and oils separately and in combination with NUE or DXR. Results: For THALS, analysis of the MNPCEs showed no significant differences between treatment doses (250-2,000 mg.Kg-1) and NaCl. A significant reduction in MNPCE was observed when THALS (2,000 mg.Kg-1) was administered in combination with DXR (5 mg.Kg-1). For POHALS or FOHALS, analysis of the MNPCEs also showed no significant differences between treatment doses (250-2,000 mg.Kg-1) and NaCl. However, the combination DXR + POHALS (2,000 mg.Kg-1) or DXR + FOHALS (2,000 mg.Kg-1) not contributed to the MNPCEs reduction. Conclusions: This research suggests absence of genotoxicity of THALS, dose-, time- and sex-independent, and its combination with DXR can reduce the genotoxic effects of DXR. POHALS and FOHALS also showed absence of genotoxicity, but their association with DXR showed no antigenotoxic effects. © 2014 Boriollo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.14Sunflowers: Helianthus (Compositae-Heliantheae) (1976) Evolution of Crop Plants, pp. 36-38. , London: Longmans Green, Simmonds NW, Heiser CBEarle, F.R., Vanetten, C.H., Clark, T.F., Wolff, I.A., Compositional data on sunflower seed (1968) J Am Oil Chem Soc, 45, pp. 876-879Salunkhe, D.K., Chavan, J.K., Adsule, R.N., Kadam, S.S., World Oilseeds: Chemistry, Technology and Utilization (1992) Sunflower, , New York: Van Nostrand ReinholdGonzáles-Pérez, S., Vereijken, J.M., Sunflower proteins: Overview of their physicochemical, structural and functional properties (2007) J Sci Food Agric, 87, pp. 2173-2191Warner, K.A., Mounts, T.L., List, G.V.R., Effects of added tocopherols on the flavor stability of purified vegetable oils (1990) Inform, 1, p. 326Ito, T., Tamura, T., Matsumoto, T., Sterol Composition of 19 vegetable oils (1973) J Am Oil Chem Soc, 50, pp. 122-125. , 10.1007/BF02633564, 4707293Trost, V.W., Characterization of corn oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil nonpolar material (1989) J Am Oil Chem Soc, 66, pp. 325-333Dupont, H.L., Sullivan, P., Evans, D.G., Vollet, J.J., Ericsson, C.D., Ackerman, P.B., Tjoa, W.S., Prevention of traveler's diarrhea (emporiatric enteritis). Prophylactic administration of subsalicylate bismuth (1980) JAMA, 243, pp. 237-241. , 10.1001/jama.1980.03300290019013, 6985681Cowan, J.C., Key factors and recent advances in the flavor stability of soybean oil (1966) J Am Oil Chem Soc, 43, pp. 300A-302A. , 318A, 320, 10.1007/BF02682424, 5328054Bierenbaum, M.L., Fleischman, A.I., Dun, J., Arnold, J., Possible toxic waste factor in coronary heart disease (1975) Lancet, 1, pp. 1008-1010Purves, D., Harvey, C., Tweats, D., Lumley, C.E., Genotoxity testing: current practices and strategies used by the pharmaceutical industry (1995) Mutagenesis, 10, pp. 297-312. , 10.1093/mutage/10.4.297, 7476265Varanda, E.A., Atividade mutagênica de plantas medicinais (2006) Rev Ciênc Farm Básica Apl, 27, pp. 1-7Mateuca, R., Lombaert, N., Aka, P.V., Decordier, I., Kirsch-Volders, M., Chromosomal changes: induction, detection methods and applicability in human biomonitoring (2006) Biochimie, 88, pp. 1515-1531. , 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.07.004, 16919864Krishna, G., Hayashi, M., In vivo rodent micronucleus assay: protocol, conduct and data interpretation (2000) Mutat Res, 455, pp. 155-166. , 10.1016/S0027-5107(00)00117-2, 11113474(1997) OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Bacterial reverse mutation test, p. 471. , Paris, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(1997) OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: In vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test, p. 473. , Paris, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(1997) OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, p. 474. , Paris, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentAlves, J.M., Munari, C.C., Neto, M.A.B.M., Furtado, R.A., Senedese, J.M., Bastos, J.K., Tavares, D.C., In vivo protective effect of Copaifera langsdorffii hydroalcoholic extract on micronuclei induction by doxorubicin (2013) J Appl Toxicol, 33, pp. 854-860. , 10.1002/jat.2777, 22611044Indart, A., Viana, M., Clapés, S., Izquierdo, L., Bonet, B., Clastogenic and cytotoxic effects of lipid peroxidation products generated in culinary oils submitted to thermal stress (2007) Food Chem Toxicol, 45, pp. 1963-1967. , 10.1016/j.fct.2007.04.019, 17573172Venkatesh, P., Shantala, B., Jagetia, G.C., Rao, K.K., Baliga, M.S., Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Genotoxicity by Aegle marmelos in Mouse Bone Marrow: A Micronucleus Study (2007) Integr Cancer Ther, 6, pp. 42-53. , 10.1177/1534735406298302, 17351026(2010) Farmacopéia Brasileira, Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - ANVISA/Fundação Oswaldo, , Brasília: Cruz - FIOCRUZ, BrasilSex differences in the micronucleus test (1986) Mutat Res, 172, pp. 151-163. , Collaborative Study Group for the Micronucleus Test (CSGMT)Zambrano, M.A., Targa, H.J., Rabello-Gay, M.N., Physiological saline solutions as a useful tool in micronucleus and metaphase slide preparations (1982) Stain Technol, 57, pp. 48-49Lewi, D.M., Hopp, H.E., Escandon, A.S., Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (2006) Methods Mol Biol, 343, pp. 291-297Heo, J.C., Woo, S.U.K., Kweon, M.A., Park, J.Y., Lee, H.K., Son, M., Rho, J.R., Lee, S.H., Aqueous extract of the Helianthus annuus seed alleviates asthmatic symptoms in vivo (2008) Int J Mol Med Chem, 21, pp. 57-61Cardoso, C.C., Rodrigues, K.L., Pichara, N.L., Dall'Aglio, R., Fiorini, J.E., Fraschini, F., Diana, G.M., Carvalho, J.C.T., Olio di girasole ozonizzato associate ad acido α-lipoico e a lattobacilli: studio pre-clinico dell'azione antiulcerosa, antinfiammatoria e antibatterica (2004) Farmaci, 28, pp. 97-110Ricardo, G.A., Zullyt, Z.R., Yilian, L., Hernández, F., Menéndez, S., Efecto del OLEOZON® frente a lesiones gástricas inducidas por indometacina en ratas (Effect of OLEOZON® on gastric lesions induced by indomethacin in rats) (2007) Revista electrónica de Veterinaria, 8, pp. 1-6Rodrigues, K.L., Cardoso, C.C., Caputo, L.R., Carvalho, J.C., Fiorini, J.E., Schneedorf, J.M., Cicatrizing and antimicrobial properties of an ozonised oil from sunflower seeds (2004) Inflammopharmacology, 3, pp. 261-270Akihisa, T., Yasukawa, K., Oinuma, H., Kasahara, Y., Kimura, Y., Takase, S., Yamanouchi, S., Tamura, T., Triterpene alcohols from the flowers of Compositae and their anti-inflammatory effects (1996) Phytochemistry, 43, pp. 1255-1260. , 10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00343-3, 8987908Rojas-Molina, M., Campos-Sanches, J., Analla, M., Serrano, M., Moraga, A.A., Genotoxicity of vegetable cooking oils in the Drosophila wing spot test (2005) Environ Mol Mutagen, 45, pp. 90-95. , 10.1002/em.20078, 15611939Montero, A.C.R., Carvajal, Y.G., Rodríguez, Z.Z., López, G.F., Mirabal, J.M., Evaluación genotóxica del OLEOZON mediante los ensayos de micronúcleos en medula ósea y sangre periférica de ratón (1998) Revista CENIC: Ciências Biológicas, 29, pp. 200-202Salerno, J.W., Smith, D.E., The use of sesame oil and other vegetable oils in the inhibition of human colon cancer growth in vitro (1991) Anticancer Res, 11, pp. 209-215Cognault, S., Jourdan, M.L., Germain, E., Pitavy, R., Morel, E., Durand, G., Bougnoux, P., Lhuillery, C., Effect of an m-linolenic acid-rich diet on rat mammary tumour growth depends on the dietary oxidative status (2000) Nutr Cancer, 36, pp. 33-41. , 10.1207/S15327914NC3601_6, 10798214Nakayama, M., Ju, H.R., Sugano, M., Hirose, N., Ueki, T., Doi, F., Eynard, A.R., Effect of dietary fat and cholesterol on dimethylbenz [a]-antracene-induced mammary tumorigenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats (1993) Anticancer Res, 13, pp. 691-698La Vecchia, C., Negri, E., Franceschi, S., Decarli, A., Giacosa, A., Lipworth, L., Olive oil, other dietary fats, and the risk of breast cancer (Italy) (1995) Cancer Cause Control, 6, pp. 545-550Rao, G.N., Ney, E., Herbert, R.A., Effect of melatonin and linolenic acid on mammary cancer in transgenic mice with c-neu breast cancer oncogen (2000) Breast Cancer Res, 64, pp. 287-296Burns, C.P., Luttenegger, D.G., Specctor, A.A., Effect of dietary fat saturation on survival of mice with L1210 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PLS-R Calibration models for wine spirit volatile phenols pre-diction by near infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopic (NIR) technique was used, for the first time, to predict volatile phenols content, namely guaiacol, 4-methyl-guaiacol, eugenol, syringol, 4-methyl-syringol and 4- allyl-syringol, of aged wine spirits (AWS). This study aimed to develop calibration models for the volatile phenol’s quantification in AWS, by NIR, faster and without sample preparation. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) models were developed with NIR spectra in the near-IR region (12,500–4000 cm1) and those obtained from GC-FID quantification after liquid-liquid extraction. In the PLS-R developed method, cross-validation with 50% of the samples along a validation test set with 50% of the remaining samples. The final calibration was performed with 100% of the data. PLS-R models with a good accuracy were obtained for guaiacol (r2 = 96.34; RPD = 5.23), 4-methyl-guaiacol (r2 = 96.1; RPD = 5.07), eugenol (r2 = 96.06; RPD = 5.04), syringol (r2 = 97.32; RPD = 6.11), 4-methylsyringol (r2 = 95.79; RPD = 4.88) and 4-allyl-syringol (r2 = 95.97; RPD = 4.98). These results reveal that NIR is a valuable technique for the quality control of wine spirits and to predict the volatile phenols content, which contributes to the sensory quality of the spirit beveragesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transcription of Aspergillus nidulans pacC is modulated by alternative RNA splicing of palB

AbstractFungi have evolved elaborate signal transduction networks for remodeling metabolic pathways to scavenge nutrients, including the secretion of nutritional enzymes. This adaptive response involves the conserved PacC/Pal signal transduction pathway, which mediates the transcriptional response to ambient pH. In this study, we show that transcription of the gene for PacC is modulated in response to nutrient changes, phosphate and carbon sources, and pH. In addition, we show that transcription of pacC is modulated in response to alternative RNA splicing of the palB gene. These results reveal novel aspects of the complex network involved in modulation of pacC

A new perspective on vescalagin, castalagin, and their degadation pathways in wine spirits ageing

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Generic Pareto local search metaheuristic for optimization of targeted offers in a bi-objective direct marketing campaign

Cross-selling campaigns seek to offer the right products to the set of customers with the goal of maximizing expected profit, while, at the same time, respecting the purchasing constraints set by investors. In this context, a bi-objective version of this NP-Hard problem is approached in this paper, aiming at maximizing both the promotion campaign total profit and the risk-adjusted return, which is estimated with the reward-to-variability ratio known as Sharpe ratio. Given the combinatorial nature of the problem and the large volume of data, heuristic methods are the most common used techniques. A Greedy Randomized Neighborhood Structure is also designed, including the characteristics of a neighborhood exploration strategy together with a Greedy Randomized Constructive technique, which is embedded in a multi-objective local search metaheuristic. The latter combines the power of neighborhood exploration by using a Pareto Local Search with Variable Neighborhood Search. Sets of non-dominated solutions obtained by the proposed method are described and analyzed for a number of problem instances

A new non-Fermi liquid fixed point

We study a new exchange interaction in which the conduction electrons with pseudo spin $S_c=3/2$ interact with the impurity spin $S_I=1/2$. Due to the overscreening of the impurity spin by higher conduction electron spin, a new non-trivial intermediate coupling strength fixed point is realized. Using the numerical renormalization group (NRG), we show that the low-energy spectra are described by a non-Fermi liquid excitation spectrum. A conformal field theory analysis is compared with NRG results and excellent agreement is obtained. Using the double fusion rule to generate the operator spectrum with the conformal theory, we find that the specific heat coefficient and magnetic susceptibility will diverge as $T^{-2/3}$, that the scaling dimension of an applied magnetic field is $5/6$, and that exchange anisotropy is always relevant. We discuss the possible relevance of our work to two-level system Kondo materials and dilute cerium alloys, and we point out a paradox in understanding the Bethe-Ansatz solutions to the multichannel Kondo model.Comment: Revised. 20 page

Deployment characterization of a floatable tidal energy converter on a tidal channel, Ria Formosa, Portugal

This paper presents the results of a pilot experiment with an existing tidal energy converter (TEC), Evopod 1 kW floatable prototype, in a real test case scenario (Faro Channel, Ria Formosa, Portugal). A baseline marine geophysical, hydrodynamic and ecological study based on the experience collected on the test site is presented. The collected data was used to validate a hydro-morphodynamic model, allowing the selection of the installation area based on both operational and environmental constraints. Operational results related to the description of power generation capacity, energy capture area and proportion of energy flux are presented and discussed, including the failures occurring during the experimental setup. The data is now available to the scientific community and to TEC industry developers, enhancing the operational knowledge of TEC technology concerning efficiency, environmental effects, and interactions (i.e. device/environment). The results can be used by developers on the licensing process, on overcoming the commercial deployment barriers, on offering extra assurance and confidence to investors, who traditionally have seen environmental concerns as a barrier, and on providing the foundations whereupon similar deployment areas can be considered around the world for marine tidal energy extraction.Acknowledgements The paper is a contribution to the SCORE project, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT e PTDC/ AAG-TEC/1710/2014). Andre Pacheco was supported by the Portu- guese Foundation for Science and Technology under the Portuguese Researchers' Programme 2014 entitled “Exploring new concepts for extracting energy from tides” (IF/00286/2014/CP1234). Eduardo GGorbena has received funding for the OpTiCA project from the ~ Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions of the European Union's H2020- MSCA-IF-EF-RI-2016/under REA grant agreement n [748747]. The authors would like to thank to the Portuguese Maritime Authorities and Sofareia SA for their help on the deployment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tentativas De Suicídio E Suicídios Na Atenção Pré-hospitalar

To characterize suicide attempts and suicides in a city in Northwestern Parana State, attended in the pre-hospital care. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, performed with pre-hospital care records to 257 victims of suicide and suicide attempt, in the period in 2005 to 2012, through two-dimensional analysis by chi-square. Results: There were 180 attempted suicides and 76 suicides. The age ranged 13-93 years, mean 33.5 ± 15.1 years and most prevalent in young male population. The events concentrated on the months of spring and summer, in the urban area. The use of biting object was the most used method, followed by poisoning and precipitation high places. Conclusion: To know the characteristics, methods and aggravating factors provide subsidies for the implementation of prevention measures. © 2016, Editora Cientifica Nacional Ltda. All rights reserved.65323123